Effectiveness of Pre-service Teacher Education Programs: ESOL Endorsement or Infusion?
Abstract
Researchers in teacher preparation programs have proved that endorsement and infusion models work well for pre-service teachers to reach students, especially English Language Learners (ELLs). However, there is still a debate about which model is the best for better learning gains. This study attempts to fill the gap by investigating which model works for ELLs. After pre-service observations and teaching periods, teacher candidates from endorsement and infusion model programs applied a post-test to students, and then these teachers also answered a 16-item questionnaire based on their students’ post-test results. The researcher looked for the effectiveness of pre-service teacher program through the use of Factorial ANOVA statistics. The main purpose was to identify the effectiveness of endorsement and infusion models, and suggest future directions for new models based on the results. Results indicated that endorsement models in the present study were better than infusion models in reaching English language learner (ELL) needs. The implications are discussed in the paper.
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